Lesson
Vulnerable road users
Pedestrians, cyclists, horse riders, motorcyclists, children and older people are most at risk of serious injury. The 2022 Highway Code changes gave them more priority.
Key rules to know
- Leave at least 1.5 metres when overtaking cyclists at speeds up to 30mph, and more at higher speeds.
- Pass horse riders at 10mph or less and leave at least 2 metres of space.
- Leave at least 2 metres when passing pedestrians walking in the road where there is no pavement.
- Cyclists may ride in the centre of a lane on quiet roads, in slower traffic and at junctions to make themselves more visible.
How it applies on the road
A cyclist ahead on a narrow road
Wait behind until you can give them at least 1.5 metres. Do not squeeze past.
An older pedestrian crossing slowly
Be patient. They may need more time — do not rev your engine or edge forward.
Common mistakes
- Thinking a cyclist in the middle of the lane is breaking the rules.
- Sounding the horn at horse riders, which can frighten the horse.
Official sources
Content written and reviewed by Rob Cordina. Last reviewed: October 2026. Our practice questions are original, written from the Highway Code — they are not official DVSA questions. Always check the latest Highway Code.